#Hydrogen atom full#

Solution of Schrödinger equation: Overview of results 4 Features going beyond the Schrödinger solution.3 Visualizing the hydrogen electron orbitals.2 Mathematical summary of eigenstates of hydrogen atom.1 Solution of Schrödinger equation: Overview of results.The Schrödinger equation also applies to more complicated atoms and molecules, however, in most such cases the solution is not analytical and either computer calculations are necessary, or else simplifying assumptions must be made. The solution of the Schrödinger equation goes much further than the Bohr model however, because it also yields the shape of the electron's wave function ('orbital') for the various possible quantum-mechanical states- thus explaining the anisotropic character of atomic bonds. From this solution, the hydrogen energy levels and thus the frequencies of the hydrogen spectral lines can be calculated. The solution to the Schrödinger equation for hydrogen is analytical.

#Hydrogen atom full#

Bohr's results for the frequencies and underlying energy values were confirmed by the full quantum-mechanical analysis which uses the Schrödinger equation, as was shown in 1925/26. These assumptions were not fully correct, but did yield the correct energy answers (see The Bohr Model). In 1913, Niels Bohr obtained the spectral frequencies of the hydrogen atom after making a number of simplifying assumptions. The hydrogen atom has special significance in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory as a simple two-body problem physical system which has yielded many simple analytical solutions in closed-form. This article is primarily about Hydrogen-1, also known as protium or 'light hydrogen', which is the primary component of natural hydrogen. The electron is bound to the nucleus by the Coulomb force. The nucleus of hydrogen consists of only a single proton (in the case of hydrogen-1 or protium see box at right), or it may also include one or more neutrons (giving deuterium, tritium, and other isotopes). It is composed of a single negatively-charged electron circling a single positively-charged proton. A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen.